1. Benign Lesions
This section will cover the various benign vocal fold pathology including, congenital, phono-traumatic, environmentally triggered, and age-related diseases.
Vocal fold cyst
Vocal fold sulcus
Laryngeal papilloma
Vocal fold atrophy
Vocal fold hemorrhage
Vocal fold nodules
Reinke’s Edema (polypoid corditis)
Vocal process granuloma
Vocal fold scar
Pseudocyst
Vocal fold polyp
Oncocytic Papillary Cystadenoma
Phonotrauma (Voice Overuse)
Vallecular Cyst
Vocal Fold Hemangioma
Laryngocele
Mucosal bridges
Vocal fold mucosal tear
2. Variations of Normal Physiology
This selection of video stroboscopy aims to provide learners with a wide array of samples across gender and age. In addition, this section will cover the many variations of normal physiology found in speaking as well as various forms of singing.
Functional Dysphonia
Singers After Laryngeal Surgery
Female Vocal Fry
Female Chest Voice
Rock/Metal Singing
Male Head Voice
Transgender Voice
Indian Classical Singing
Elderly Female Fry
Female Head Voice
Male Whistle Voice
Elderly Female Chest (Modal)
Elderly Male Falsetto
Elderly Male Chest (Modal)
Elderly Male Fry
Normal Male Falsetto
Female Whistle Voice
Male Vocal Fry
Male Chest Voice
Elderly female falsetto
Overtone Singing
Overtone singing
Transgender male to female
3. Premalignant & Malignant Lesions
This section will cover the spectrum of pre-malignant vocal fold lesions from variations of leukoplakia to invasive carcinoma. In addition to stroboscopy, we will also include narrow band imaging endoscopy of select lesions.
T1 Glottic Cancer
Leukoplakia
Dysplasia
Carcinoma in-situ
Supraglottic Cancer
T2 Glottic Cancer
T3 Glottic Cancer
Erythroplakia
4. Infectious
This section will cover the variety of infectious etiologies from common viral, fungal, and bacterial types of laryngitis to rarer diseases such as cryptococcal, coccidioidomycosis, and tuberculosis.
Bacterial laryngitis
Fungal laryngitis
Tuberculosis laryngitis
Fungal Esophagitis
5. Systemic Diseases
Various systemic diseases manifest in the larynx with key stroboscopic findings. Here you will find examples of common diseases such as allergic laryngitis and rheumatoid arthritis and more rarer diseases such as laryngeal pemphigoid, Stevens Johnson syndrome, and Rosai Dorfman disease.
Laryngopharyngeal reflux
Rheumatoid arthritis
Sjogren’s syndrome
Amyloidosis
Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
Idiopathic Ulcerative Laryngitis
Sarcoidosis
Rosai Dorfman Disease
Laryngeal Sicca
Chemical Laryngitis
Zenker's Diverticulum
Relapsing polychondritis
Pemphigus Vulgaris
Allergic laryngitis
6. Neurolaryngology
Both central and peripheral neurological disorders are often diagnosed by laryngologists, here we will cover various diseases including, Parkinsonism, ALS, CVA, vocal tremor, and various forms of laryngeal dystonia. In addition, this section will also cover vocal fold paralysis and paresis from a variety of etiologies.
Adductor spasmodic dysphonia
Vocal Fold Paralysis
Vocal Fold Paresis
Bilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis
Vocal tremor
Laryngeal Myoclonus
High Vagal Paralysis
Bilateral Vocal Fold Paresis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Parkinson Disease
Muscle Tension Dysphonia
Abductor spasmodic dysphonia
Superior Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis
Aerophagia
Supraglottic Belching
Myasthenia Gravis
Puberphonia
Meige Syndrome
Paradoxical vocal fold movement
Mixed spasmodic dysphonia
Superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) paresis
7. Post Surgical and Iatrogenic
The larynx can be exposed to various types of acute injury such as burns/inhalation and fractures or chronic injuries as a result of prolonged intubation or repeated exposure to chemicals and irritants. In addition, laryngeal surgery can result in expected changes to vocal fold physiology (e.g., s/p thyroplasty, micro flap, etc). Unintended consequences of surgery can also occur, leading to non-vibratory segments and dysphonia.
Post Phonosurgery
Post Transoral Laser Microsurgery (TLM) Cordectomy
Post Radiotherapy
Post Type I Thyroplasty
Laryngeal Trauma
Post Glottic Enlargement Surgery
Posterior Glottic Stenosis
Superficial CaHA Injection
Laryngotracheal Stenosis
Patulous Upper Esophageal Sphincter
Post Thyroarytenoid Myectomy
Post Op Platelet Rich Plasma Injection for Vocal fold Sulcus
Atypical Granuloma
Post Anterior and Posterior Cricoid Split with Cartilage Augmentation
Inflammatory Reaction to Hyaluronic Acid
Post Lipo-injection
Thyroplasty Implant Extrusion
Post Caustic Injury
Post Wendler (Feminization) Glottoplasty
Post Injection Augmentation
Post Partial Laryngectomy
Burn or inhalational injury
8. Office Procedures in Laryngology
In the modern age of laryngology, many procedures have been transitioned back into the office as a result of advances in laryngeal endoscopy and development of appropriate instrumentation. This section will include videos of common office procedures such as laser ablation of vocal fold lesions, vocal fold injection augmentation, vocal fold biopsy, steroid injection, and more.
Superior Laryngeal Nerve Block (|Endoscopically Guided)
Transnasal Esophagoscopy with Dilation
Thyrohyoid Injection Augmentation
Angiolytic Laser Ablation of Lesions
False Vocal Fold Submucosal Injection
Transnasal Laryngeal Biopsy
Palpation of Vocal Process/Cricoarytenoid Joint
Superficial Vocal Fold Injection
Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation for Velopharyngeal Insufficiency in Head and Neck Cancer Survivor
Transnasal Subepithelial Vocal Fold Injection
Trans-thyrohyoid Steroid Injection into Vocal Process Granuloma
Insertion of pH-Impedance Catheter
Transnasal Esophagoscopy (Diagnostic)
Cricothyroid Subglottic Injection
Transnasal Esophagoscopy with Biopsy
Transnasal Esophagoscopy with Therapeutic Injection
Cricothyroid Injection Augmentation
Diagnostic Bronchoscopy
Transoral Vocal Fold Augmentation
Control of Bleeding After Vocal Fold Injection
In office keel removal
Awake airway dilation
Transnasal Subglottic Steroid Injection
Foreign body extraction
Office bronchoscopy
Secondary TEP Puncture
9. Pediatric Laryngology
Voice, airway and swallowing disorders also occur in the pediatric population, and can be distinct entities from their adult counterparts. Frequently, these patients have congenital disease stemming from embryological abnormalities, iatrogenic disorders from surgical interventions, or sequelae of infectious disease. Here we seek to cover the gamut of pediatric voice, airway, and swallowing disorders.
Post Intubation Phonatory Insufficiency (PIPI)
Vocal Fold Cysts
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Laryngeal Papilloma
Ulcerative Laryngitis
Post Non-Selective (Ansa to RLN) Reinnervation
Functional Voice Disorders
Vocal Fold Nodules
Laryngeal Tumors
Paradoxical Vocal Fold Function
Vocal Fold Paralysis
Laryngomalacia
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Laryngeal Cleft
Congenital and Acquired Webs
Laryngotracheal Stenosis
Subglottic Hemangioma
Subglottic Cyst